Giqe estimates niirs from parameters such as gsd, edge response, which is related to mtf, and snr. Apr 03, 2008 the general image quality equation giqe leachtenauer et al. These systems have straightforward aperture designs and wellunderstood behavior. The general image quality equation giqe that was developed by erim international, inc.
Rer is estimated using the ssc edge targets and the tilted edge technique. General imagequality equation how is general image. For example, it is possible to relate sensor parameters mathematically to niirs and thereby predict whether a particular imaging system will perform adequately for specified tasks using the general imagequality equation giqe leachtenauer et al. Analysis of the general image quality equation, proceedings.
General image quality equation the two versions of the giqe versions 3. The general image quality equation and the structure of. Fienup, analysis of the general image quality equation 2008. Ara improved measurement of key image quality components by implementing the general image quality equation giqe method, increasing the number of key image quality assessments accomplished. Giqe estimates niirs from gsd, edge response, which is related to mtf, and snr. The equation does not account for nonstandard viewing conditions, or playback frame rates. The giqe allows system designers and operators to perform tradeoffs for the optimization of image quality.
Spectral quality metrics for terrain classification. Determine the shape of the bow pointed or bluntrounded on a mediumsized submarine e. The general image quality equation giqe is an analytical tool derived by. Image quality modeling and optimization for nonconventional. General equations for optimal selection of diagnostic. The general user should be able to easily cover the material included in the main text. However, it is not a practical tool for characterizing the performance of imaging systems given the need for trained imagery analysts. General imagequality equation how is general imagequality equation abbreviated.
Quantitative methods to assess or predict the quality of a spectral image are the subject of a number of current research activities. General hospital us tv series general hospital us tv series general hospital fan club. Previous giqes, versions 3 and 4, were developed by nga to predict the niirs national imagery interpretation rating scale of electro optical eo and panchromatic and ir images that had been processed to film. Image quality for these systems can be predicted by the general image quality equation giqe. Application of the general imagequality equation to. Spatial characteristic an overview sciencedirect topics.
Giqe version 5, authorleigh harrington and david blanchard and james salacain and steven o. Various equations were derived for the optimal selection of peak kilovoltage kvp and exposure parameter milliampere second, mas in computed tomography ct, computed. Pdf the general image quality equation giqe leachtenauer et al. The guideline provides a highlevel tutorial describing how spatial resolution is specified, as well as a catalog of images so the user can relate these specifications to image products. Niirs is an integer scale presently 0 to 9 that quantifies the ability of trained imagery analysts ias to perform selected visual detection and recognition tasks with imagery. General imagequality equation for infrared imagery nasaads. Sidebars provide greater detail to the interested reader, and references and hyperlinks to comprehensive explanations and. Pdf analysis of the general image quality equation researchgate. Equation 1 the equation is a function of resolution gsd, blur rer, noise psnr db, cameraplatform motion i camera, overall contrast i contrast, foreground contrast and motion imovers and artifacts i artifacts. National geospatialintelligence agency nga general. The regressionbased general image quality equation giqe previously developed for visible imagery was extended to ir imagery. What is shorthand of general imagequality equation. Each of these approaches represents a balance between two of the fundamental. Previous giqes, versions 3 and 4, were developed by nga to predict the niirs national imagery interpretation rating scale of electro optical eo and.
Using this equation, one can estimate the interpretability or goodness of images from technical terms. In some scenarios, the two versions of the giqe versions 3. Parameter tradeoff sensitivities are investigated using airborne hyperspectral imagery and the results presented. Aug 12, 2009 the general image quality equation giqe of leachtenauer et al. Giqe, applied optics, 36, 83228328 1997 7 international standard iso 12233. Application of the itique image quality modeling metric to. Osa general imagequality equation for infrared imagery.
Analysis of the general image quality equation 2008. Analysis of the general image quality equation semantic scholar. The general image quality equation giqe technische. Pdf analysis of the general image quality equation. Leachtenauer, william malila, john irvine, linda colburn, and nanette salvaggio a regressionbased model was developed relating aerial image quality. The equation predicts ir national imagery interpretability rating scale values as a function of scale, sharpness, and signalto. A tutorial on electroopticalinfrared eoir theory and systems. The general image quality equation and the structure of the modulation transfer function the general image quality equation and the structure of the modulation transfer function hindsley, robert b.
Imint niirs national image interpretability rating scales. Application of the giqe algorithmic formula results in a. Giqe enables niirs estimation using the analysis of technical parameters, alleviating the necessity. The equation predicts ir national imagery interpretability rating scale values as a function of scale, sharpness, and signaltonoise ratio with the same form as the visible giqe. Analysis of the general image quality equation semantic. Guide to spatial imagery digital imagery spatial resolution.
Spie 2008 general imagequality equation for infrared imagery. Sep 10, 2000 the regressionbased general image quality equation giqe previously developed for visible imagery was extended to ir imagery. Giqe is defined as general image quality equation rarely. Engineering guideline 1203 video interpretability and quality measurement and prediction. A comparative evaluation of spectral quality metrics for. The purpose of this work was to examine the effects of relationship functions between diagnostic image quality and radiation dose on the governing equations for image acquisition parameter variations in xray imaging.
A regressionbased model was developed relating aerial image quality, expressed in terms of the national imagery interpretability rating scale niirs, to fundamental image attributes. Giqe is listed in the worlds largest and most authoritative dictionary database of abbreviations and acronyms. The general imagequality equation giqe 4, which specifies image quality in terms of the national imagery. An accepted methodology would be highly desirable to use for data collection tasking or data archive searches in way analogous to the current uses of the national imagery interpretation rating scale niirs general image quality equation giqe.
Here we report on our analysis of the mtf in order to quantify the relationship between the other terms in the giqe and the structure of the mtf. Identify, by general type, tracked vehicles, field artillery, large river crossing equipment, wheeled vehicles when in groups. General imagequality equation for infrared imagery. The regressionbased general imagequality equation giqe previously developed for visible imagery was extended to ir imagery.
These ratings found use in sensor tasking, sensor design, and image archive retrieval applications. It is reasonable to assume that such imagery had a fixed enhancement chain so these previous versions of the giqe used image quality metrics of the enhanced image. However, such image quality metrics as the general image quality equation giqe also include edge effects, basically due to ringing and reduction in the edge sharpness. The general imagequality equation giqe treats three main attributes.
Comparative study of the different versions of the general. However, in order to continue pushing the boundaries of imaging, more control over the point spread function of. The general image quality equation giqe author creator. The general image quality equation giqe is an analytical tool derived by regression modelling that is routinely employed to gauge the interpretability of raw and processed images, computing the most popular quantitative metric to evaluate image quality. The equation is a regressionbased model that accounts for perceptual quality attributes of scale, resolution or sharpness, contrast, and noise. Niirs can be estimated by the general image quality equation giqe, an empirical model that has been designed to predict niirs from sensor system characteristics. Giqe is defined as general image quality equations very rarely. A tutorial on electroopticalinfrared eoir theory and. National geospatialintelligence agency nga general image. Leachtenauer jc, malila w, irvine j, colburn l, salvaggio n. Imagery interpretation rating scale niirs using the general image quality equation giqe. The use of the general image quality equation in the design. A general improvement in image quality accompanied the digital camera development. Spatial resolution characterization for aerial digital imagery.
Combining that information to leverage strengths in areas such as image sharpness and scale, challenge areas such as image noise become less important to. Quantization level an overview sciencedirect topics. This definition appears rarely and is found in the following acronym. Analysis of the general image quality equation spie digital library. The general image quality equation giqe leachtenauer et al. Giqe is defined as general imagequality equation rarely.
Analysis of the general image quality equation dois. The general image quality equation and the structure of the. One recently introduced metric, however, the general spectral. The general imagequality equation giqe is a heuristic approach for. Pdf analysis of the general image quality equation james. A general image quality equation giqe predicts the niirs of an image using generic image quality metrics. We will discuss version 5 of the giqe, the most recent, shown in equation 2. Comparisons between spectral quality metrics and analyst. Over 3 million unverified definitions of abbreviations and acronyms in acronym attic.
As a result general image quality equation giqe was proposed leachtenauer et al. The general image quality equation giqe is the most wellknown of these equations 23. A number of approaches to the estimation of quality of a spectral image have been published, but most capture only the performance of automated algorithms applied to the spectral data. General imagequality equation how is general imagequality. One of the definitions of giqe is general imagequality equation. The meaning of giqe abbreviation is general imagequality equation. The model created in this work produces notional results for the kestrel eye program, yielding a 15 minute response time for a given target deck, but can be customized to optimize any satellite architecture problem. Applicationdriven spectral image quality assessment and. As spectral imagery becomes increasingly available, there has been a growing interest in a comparable quantitative metric. The majority of image quality studies have been performed on systems with conventional aperture functions.
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